About Moles

A Little Bit About Moles

Townsends Mole Scapanus townsendii			This mole is found in meadows, fields and lawns on the West Coast from the lower part of British Columbia to Northern California.
	This is the largest mole species. It has black fur and a short, thick, nearly naked tail. The eyes are tiny but visable. It consumes vegetation like a rabbit. It is solitary and has a lower reproductive rate than other moles. It breeds once a year between mid November and late February.	The female may construct several exit tunnels from her nest. Above ground, her nesting construction is often revealed by one large mound and several shorter mounds arranged in a circle.	This mole was named for John Townsend, who first described it. It eats a variety of insects, earthworms and vegetation

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Coast Mole Scapanus orarius			These moles can be confused with the Townsend mole where their ranges overlap in the Pacific Northwest.
	Coast moles are primarily known for the numerous molehills that outline their home ranges. They spend most of their lives underground, using their tunnels for foraging, moving to new locations and for finding mates. They are active year-round, but do most of their digging in the fall or winter when the soil is more moist.	When Coast moles dig their tunnels, they bring soil to the surface and pile it up in mounds which are also known as mole hills. A single Coast mole may make 200 to 400 molehills from October to March.	Coast moles are primarily known for the numerous molehills that outline their home ranges.

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Shrew Mole Neurotrichus gibbsii			shrew moles prefer habitats where the digging is easy and where there is leaf litter or vegetation to provide cover. Unlike other moles, they spend part of their time above ground.
Shrew moles have the longest known breeding season, lasting from February through August. They are more agile than other moles because they are able to place their front feet flat on the ground while other moles forepaws are oriented sideways.		These moles have a high metabolism and must eat often. The shrew mole will work for 3 to 20 minutes and then must sleep for 2 to 10 minutes while other moles tend to work in 4 hour shifts.	This is the smallest of the mole species. They lack external ears and have very small eyes.

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These pictures show some of the kinds of damage moles can do.